Page 179 - CW E-Magazine (21-1-2025)

Carbon Foot Print

Decarbonization strategies for synthetic API Process eciency improvements
1 Share or total emissions reduction Strategy setup
[a]
Cost and 5–10% NPV positive Independent Minimal
regulatory-
friendly levers
on process
eciencies
Cost Supplier Regulatory
(re-)approval

Cost per ton of CO ~10% not reduced
~$–500 to $–100 NPV negative Dependent Required

API manufacturers can achieve 5 to 10 percent emissions reductions by implementing cost-eective and regulation-compliant
process eciency improvements, such as heat integration solutions that reduce energy waste.
Source of
addressed ~10% ~80% ~10%
emissions
Cooling Heating Electricity
Examples n Improve heat integration via utilization of waste heat
of solutions n Install sensors and monitor performance of heat exchangers, steam traps
n Improve energy eciency of key electric machinery (eg, chiller, pump, HVAC)

Decarbonization strategies for synthetic API Green-chemistry synthesis
2 Share or total emissions reduction Strategy setup
[a]
Green-chemistry NPV positive Independent Minimal
principles
requiring some
regulatory ~30%
approval
Cost Supplier Regulatory

Cost per ton of CO ~10% not reduced
~$–400 to $–50 NPV negative Dependent Required
API manufacturers can achieve an emissions reduction of about 30 percent by implementing green-chemistry principles, such
as solvent recovery and process redesign, though these may require regulatory approval to ensure the continued safety and
ecacy of the drug products.

Source of
addressed ~40% ~20% ~40%
emissions
Solvents Wastes [b] Feedstocks
Examples n Increase solvent waste recovery rate for internal process reuse
of solutions n Decrease process material intensity in late-stage high-volume API manufacturing
n Streamline synthesis routes via continuous manufacturing
Note: Emissions baseline and sources based on average API manufacturing profi le from public databases (eg, CDP or companies’ sustainability
reports).
Decarbonization levers and cost analyses sourced from McKinsey Decarbonization Lever Library and industry expert inputs.
a: Net present value.
b: Waste emissions refer to incineration of solvent wastes; for on-site solvent treatment, ~30% solvents are recycled and ~70% are incinerated with/
without energy recovery, based on EPA Toxicity Release Inventory data, 2022.
Source: McKinsey Catalyst Zero; McKinsey Decarbonization Lever Library.
MCKINSEY & COMPANY

Exhibit 3: Decarbonization strategies for synthetic API manufacturers vary but could produce a 90 percent reduction by 2040.

Chemical Weekly January 21, 2025 179

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