Page 172 - CW E-Magazine (26-11-2024)

Special Report

defi nition documents – Block Flow
Diagram; Material and Energy balances;
PFDs; P & IDs. Next write operating
procedures and an operations stra-
tegy; separations strategy; operating
procedures; sampling plans; control
plans.
4. Process hazard analyst.
5. Defi ne equipment and piping specifi -
cations.
6. Develop the layout for operations and
maintenance start-up safety review.
Symmetrical ionic liquids from nitrite and aldehydes/ketones in 7. Maintenance protocol; safety systems;
(ILs) effectively promote acidic electrolytes using a zinc-based emergency response and training.
the electrolyte dimerisation catalyst (multi-layered Zn nanosheet [This paper is very comprehensive and
of acrylonitrile (ACN) to catalyst, M-Zn NSS). 99% yield and should be read by those involved in
adiponitrile (ADN) 99% selectivity of phenyl acetaldehyde Process Development.] (Hydrocarbon
oxime were realised at a constant current
The conversion of ACN to ADN via of 12 mA per sq.cm. Various aldehydes Processing, 2024, August issue).
electrochemical route was commer- and ketones have been studied. Catalyst Modelling of gasifi cation
cialised by Monsanto USA. There are is stable. (Green Chem., 2024; DOI: of sewage sludge for
further developments. 10.1039/D4GC034296). phosphorous (P) recovery and
Xu et al have used various ILs as elec- Utilising pilot plant operations H generation
2
trolyte additives to study their effect. for new chemical process
This inhibited bromide and Faradaic technology development: A K. Stephan et al have referred to an
effi ciency of 84.5% and excellent stabi- road map to scale-up success ordinance in Germany which required
lity; molecular dynamic simulations and commercial plant safety that P must be recovered from sewage
were done. (Ind. Eng. Chem. Res., 2024; sludge in future. Previous methods do not
DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.4c01963). seem to be economically viable. Gasi-
Nunley, B. Clark and G. Phillips (of fi cation of dried sludge enables energy
Electrochemical conversion of AVN Corp., South Charleston, West utilisation and also provides energy for P
CO to methyl formate (MF) Virginia, USA) have given a detailed recovery. Thus, P-based fertiliser can be
2 account of the title subject when pilot obtained. (Chemie Ing. Technik., 2024;
S.S. Uttarwar et al have worked on plants (PPs) are designed and operated at DOI: 10.1002/cite.2023 00080).
the use of non-aqueous solvents and a scale between laboratory bench top and
the title example is covered in a fl ow commercial scale with specifi c goals for Renewable resource-based
electrolyser. Along with methanol was operability, product quality, economics epoxy Vitrimer components
propylene carbonate (PC) as a catho- and process safety. Some highlights are: for future application
lyte. Simultaneously, a dual aqueous 1. Identify potential safety issues in a PP
anolyte was used for water oxidation. facility. A thorough literature review S. Kumar et al have referred to the com-
10% CH OH and 90% PC allowed 63% covering chemistry, process, product, posites industry which is now turning to a
3
Faradaic effi ciency. (ACS Sustainable unit operations and chemical hazards new sustainable material called biobased
Chem. Eng. 2024; DOI: 10.1021/acssus. should be undertaken. A diverse team epoxy Vitrimer. These can be recycled,
chem.eng.4c04699). of chemists, engineers, and operators reprocessed and even repairable. The
raw materials are vegetable oil, lignin,
Highly effi cient is required. vanillin, etc. These have applications
electrosynthesis of oximes 2. Understand project goals and objec- in adhesives, coatings, shape memory,
from nitrites and carbonyl tives: it is important to know what self-healing, and composites. This review
compound in acidic media can go wrong. Unexpected by-product covers guidelines for the preparation of
formations should be tracked (as these biobased epoxy vitrimers. (ACS Sus-
C. Xue et al have reported a novel stra- also affect the separation process). tainable Resource Manage., 2024; DOI:
tegy for the one-step synthesis of oximes 3. Develop early project and technology 10.1021/acssusresmgt, 4c00200).

172 Chemical Weekly November 26, 2024

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