Page 175 - CW E-Magazine (10-9-2024)

Special Report

incidents leading to explosions and Use of waste Na SO from bat- Recent advances in ammonia
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2
casualties in nitration. The thermal tery chemical production in the electrolysis for sustainable H
risk issue is discussed by mecha- preparation of alkali-activated generation 2
nism-based modelling and simulation. materials (AAMs)
The largest safe operative space has P. Babar and G.C. Botte have discussed
been recognised. (Ind. Eng. Chem. A. Heponiemi et al have used blast the title process, which can be potentially
Res. 2024, DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr. furnace slag as a raw material for the attractive compared to high temperature
4c01014). synthesis of AAMs and it was mixed catalytic decomposition of NH to N
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2
with different ratios of NaOH and + H (and if pure H is required then
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Development of an optimised waste Na SO solution. This material separation): This process can be benign
2
process for 2,4-dichloro-1,5- had a similar kind of phase structure and offers a promising solution. The
4
fluoroacetophenone (DCFAP) and a typical AAM composition. The efficient electrochemical oxidation of
(a key intermediate for Cipro- chemicals stability was satisfactory NH requires a detailed study, e.g., with
3
floxacin) and a high mechanical strength of respect to kinetics. This review covers
13.3 MPa when 40% wt. of waste this subject and the use of heterogeneous
K. Yin et al have worked on o-dichloro- sulphate was used. (ACS Sustainable catalyst such as Pt/Pt based alloys, transi-
benzene as a starting material with Resource Management, 2024, 1,7,1400- tion metal based catalyst, etc. Perspec-
traditional mixed acid (HNO +H SO ) 1407, DOI: 10.1021/acssusresmgt. tives and opportunities are discussed.
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nitration replaced by a micro channel 4c00052). (ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng., 2024,
continuous reaction technology. For the DOI: 10.1021/acssuschemeng.4c02093).
fluorination reactions, the traditional Electrochemical processes
quaternary ammonium salt catalyst Next generation N fixation
2
was replaced by a novel CNC catalyst, Room temperature hydrogen strategy: Empowering electro-
+
which led to improved catalytic effici- (H ) production via electro-de- catalysis with Mxenes
ency, lowered reaction temperatures and 2
increased product yields. A cost-effective hydrogenation of amines into S. Irayani et al have referred to Mxenes
method for utilising waste gases having nitriles and their composite forms having unique
high concentrations of nitrogen oxides [This column has covered papers on H properties like high electrochemical
2
was developed for the nitrochlorination carriers like carbazole and derivatives, activity, large surface area, tuneable
reaction. In the case of acetylation, dibenzyltoluene, etc. and this area is properties, excellent electrical conducti-
magnetic materials featuring [FeCl ]/ attracting attention.] vity, chemical stability, etc. and thus
4
MPNs was used replacing the traditional are promising candidates for the title
AlCl approach. For all four steps taken N. Guenani et al have referred to the title and related reactions. This paper gives
3
together 86.4% yield was realised, which reaction in aqueous media and at room a comprehensive review of the promis-
is over 10% improvement comparted to temperature. And this is an eco-friendly ing subject. (Green Chem., 2024, DOI:
the traditional process. 87% reduction process and is selective. The mechanism 10.1039/p4 GC01566E).
in waste acid and 96% reduction in is explained. This pair of amines/nitriles
exhaust emissions are reported. (Org. appears to be promising as H carrier. High-efficiency catalyst-free
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Proc. Res. Dev., 2024, DOI: 10.1021/ (Green Chem., 2024; DOI: 10.1039/ photosynthesis of H O from
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acs.oprd.4c00208). D4GC01275e). dibenzyl ether (DBE) and O 2
[A number of attempts are being made
to make H O , including by the “dream”
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process of H + O , and this column has
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covered some papers.]
Q. Guo et al have reported the title
reaction, driven by sunlight, as an
environmentally clean process. The
photo reaction between DBE and O 2
has been reported with an impressive
52.4% apparent quantum yield (AQY)

Chemical Weekly September 10, 2024 175

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