Page 175 - CW E-Magazine (11-3-2025)

Special Report

bonds in CH . Water microdroplets can
4
dramatically accelerate chemical reactions
and trigger chemical transformations that
do not occur in bulk water. Further work
on gas microbubbles in water, which are
inside-out water microdroplets, shows
spontaneous oxidation of CH . Mecha-
4
nism is explained. (Chem. Sci., 2024, 15,
17026; DOI; 10.1039/D4 SC 057738).

Three-step continuous flow Exploration for chemical A waste-minimized protocol
synthesis of the intermediate, filter cartridges (CFC) that for electrochemical
4-fluoro-2-methoxy-5- can reduce nitrogen oxides reductive amination and its
nitrophenol (FMNP), of (NOx), a common factor with environmental assessment
Linzagolix (L) formation of nitrosamines
[This column has covered some papers S.T. Colangeli et al have referred to
T. Gong et al have worked on the title on the problems associated with nitro- the use of solvents in electrochemical
intermediate for L, which is a GnRH recep- samines, e.g., valsartan and related processes which are not recovered.
tor antagonist. The traditional methods products, which has affected the pharma These authors have reported reductive
have many shortcomings and even safety industry.] amination protocol which employs
issues, apart from prolonged reaction acetonitrile-water azeotrope as the re-
time. FMNP is synthesized in continu- R. Nomura et al have referred to the coverable reaction medium. This demon-
ous flow via esterification, nitration and presence of NO in air and have looked strates efficient management of solvents.
x
hydrolysis resulting in a total yield of for eliminating these unwanted impuri- (Green Chem., 2024; DOI: 10.1039/D4
85.6% with substantial reduced time and ties, even though these may be at parts GC 04847D).
improved safety. 2-Alkoxy-4-fluoro- per billion (ppb) level. CFC made by
phenol was the starting material and esteri- Foaming bioplastic which
fication was with CH CH CH OCOCl, breaks down well in seawater
3
2
2
followed by nitration with HNO /H SO
4
2
3
and subsequently saponification with Woods Hole Oceanographic Institute in
NaOH/CH OH. (Org. Proc. Res. Dev., USA and Eastman have come out with
3
2024; DOI: 10.1021/acs.oprd.4c00405). cellulose diacetate plastic, which can
Fiber and monomer recovery be foamed, and degrades much faster in
from an amine-cured epoxy seawater. In contrast, polystyrene foam
composite using molten did not degrade at all over 36 weeks.
(ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng., 2024;
NaOH-KOH DOI: 10.1021/acssuschemeng.4c05822).
Y.J. Lim et al have reported a rapid route
to reclaim carbon fiber (CF) fabric and Technoeconomic analysis of
monomeric chemicals from amine- Nippon Muki Co, was used to reduce fine chemical electrosynthesis:
epoxy CF-reinforced polymer (CFRP) the NOx content from the tens of ppb Vitamin K3 from
composites. The reaction is conducted level to the several ppb levels. (Org. 2-methylnaphthalene (MN)
in molten NaOH-KOH eutectic to se- Proc. Res. Dev., 2024; DOI: 10.1021/
lectively cleave aryl ether and amine acs.oprd.4c00301). Q. Yang et al have used the cerium-
linkages, and this involves two tem- mediated electrosynthesis of 2-methyl-1,
perature-dependent mechanisms. There Microbubbles activate C-H 4-naphthoquinone (MNQ)(Vit K3)
is quantitative yield of Bisphenol A and bonds from MN. This process development
recovered CF fabric is manufactured into was carried out on both small-scale and
second generation CFRPs (Green Chem., R. Zare (Stanford Univ., USA) has repor- large-scale electrochemical flow cells
2025; DOI: 10.1039/D4GC05299D). ted that water microbubbles activate C-H with 6.25-cm and 208-cm electrode
2
2
Chemical Weekly March 11, 2025 175

Contents Index to Advertisers Index to Products Advertised