Page 184 - CW E-Magazine (9-7-2024)

Special Report Special Report

USA) by mining natural materials such Advance in electrosynthesis for process allows dry HCHO to be formed bution to the cell voltage. Using a 0.3-mm
as slate or shale, which is crushed and greener chemical industry with Faraday effi ciencies of 50% and cathode solution channel in the fl ow cell,
fed into a rotary kiln leading to porous can go up to 90%. (Green Chem., 2024; voltage of 2.28 with a current density of
structures in the lightweight aggregates. S.S. Chen et al in an editorial in Green DOI: 10.1039/D3GC04978G). 300-mA per sq.cm. and 97% Faraday
SusMax – a start-up company funded Chemistry have referred to the electrifi - effi ciency, energy consumption is much
by the US NSF – have got a technology cation of chemical synthesis – electro- Highly effi cient one-pot electro- lower than in recent reports in literature.
to convert CA to the desired product; synthesis – as a promising route to synthesis of oxime ethers The H O so produced can be used for
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even though there is a variability in the promote sustainability without compro- from NO over ultrafi ne MgO synthesising high purity 2,2-dibenzo-
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composition of CA. X-ray tomography mising economic competitiveness. Here nanoparticles derived from thiazole disulphide (MBTS) in nearly
was used to characterise the product. we use electrons as the energy source for Mg-based MOFs 100% yield. (Green Chem., 2024; DOI:
A thermodynamic analysis is reported. chemical oxidation and reduction under 10.1039/D4GC00030G).
This analysis allows to confi rm the gas ambient conditions. Transformations Oxime ethers are relevant in medicinal
release, which creates pores, and trial like Birch reduction, epoxidation, and scaffolds due to the biological and pharma- SO absorption for phosphoric
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and error to optimise is avoided. This coupling reactions can be taken over by ceutical properties. Hydroxylamine, acid (PA) production by phos-
Scalable superhydrophobic applications do not lend for close-loop product has many desirable properties. electrosynthesis. This will also allow which can be explosive, use is insecure phate rock slurry
coatings with recycled poly- mechanical or chemical recycling. These dispersal of industries, e.g., H O , H , and troublesome. The title method was
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propylene (PP) authors have reported a recyclable and Advances in power generation NH , etc. Synergy with biocatalysis has adopted where there is in situ formation N. Gao et al have suggested the use of
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biodegradable rubber that is generated from NH via electrocatalytic been demonstrated. Even acrylonitrile of NH OH from nitrogen oxides. In situ SO in place of H SO for making PA
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X. Li et al have worked on PP, which has by the vulcanisation of amorphous, oxidation in direct ammonia has been made from an amino acid. reaction occurs with benzyl bromide to from phosphate rock slurry. The role
of Fe and MnO -- 3 wt% Fe(NO )
3+
–
low solubility, and have enhanced it via unsaturated polyesters. This elastic mate- fuel cells Waste treatment has been reported. give oxime ether with purity of 97%. and KMnO at 1000mg per litre – for
3 3
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partial oxidation at lower temperature. rial can be broken down by solvolysis [NH is attracting a lot of attention as a Computational methods have been (Angew. Chem. Intl. Ed.; DOI: 10.1002/ enhancing the removal efficiency of
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This process is scalable. This elevated to the corresponding monomers for H carrier in view of established inter- adopted; reduction of trinitrotoluene to anie.202405553). SO were studied. The concentration of
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solubility allows PP coatings at room recycling to the extent of 90%. (ACS national trade and development of turbines.] 2,4,6-triaminotoluene has been possible. Low cell voltage electrosynthesis phosphate ions in the slurry was 3,177
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temperature for widespread applications. Sus. Chem. Eng., 2024; DOI: 10.1021/ There are other papers in this issue. of H O mg per litre. There is catalysis of H SO
Recycled PP can be used. (Green Chem., acssuschemeng.3c08435). H. Shi et al have reported a comprehen- (Green Chem., 2024; DOI: 10.1039/ 2 2 to H SO . (Sepn. Purfn. Technol., 2024,
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2024; DOI: 10.1039/D4GC00221K). sive review for direct ammonia fuel cells J. Yan et al have stressed the effi cacy 2 th 4
Depolymerisation of PET fi bres (DAFs); this will be desirable rather than D4GC90025A). of the electrochemical method for H O 340, 15 July, 126541; DOI: 10.1016/J.
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A safer, greener and faster from textile blends and recovery direct burning. Electrochemical mecha- Phase-transfer catalysis for compared to the standard 2-ethylanthra- 2 Seppur.2024.126541).
synthesis of sodium azide (SA) of terephthalic acid (TPA) nism for both high temperature and low electrochemical chlorination quinone process. These authors have Ultrasonic (u/s) enhanced acetic
[SA is widely used in making intermedi- and nitration of arenes studied crucial impacts of each reactor acid effi cient leaching of steel
ates, particularly for APIs.] L. Both et al have studied the hydrolytic component on the relationship of cell slag and synthesis of calcium
depolymerisation of PET fi bres with solid T. Duan and S. Luo et al have reported voltage and current density, and the carbonate whiskers
Z. Yan et al have referred to safety NaOH. Virgin quality TPA is recovered a biphasic anodic oxidation method for over-potential of each part of a flow
hazards and environmental pollution in from textile blends consisting of PET aromatic halogenation. Here ammonium cell reactor for H O . Over-potential of L. Liu et al have worked on the use of
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the reaction between alkali nitrites and and Elastan fi bres. (Chem. Ing. Technik., salts serve as both electrolytes and the cathodic solution has a great contri- steel slag and CO removal (sequestra-
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hydrazine hydrate. Alkyl nitrites have 2024; DOI: 10.1002/cite.202300174). phase transfer catalytis to facilitate anion
been considered, but VOC emissions transport and oxidative transformation.
create hazards. These authors have come Recycling waste coal ash (CA) Multiple types of arenes have been sub-
out with the use of benzyl nitrite, which promises more sustainable temperature processes are discussed. jected to chlorination or nitration using
avoids VOC emissions and is safe. The concrete materials Further advances in catalyst design are NaCl or KNO . (Angew. Chem. Intl. Ed.,
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product benzyl alcohol has low solubility [The valorisation of CA is a very im- covered with respect to activity and se- 2024; DOI: 10.1002/anie.2023/9206).
in water and hence can be recycled with- portant subject for us in India as we are lectivity. Existing challenges are given.
out distillation. (Green Chem., 2024; heading to the production of 1-mt per (Chem. Eng. Jl., 2024; DOI: 10.1016/j. Sustainable electrochemical
DOI: 10.1039/D4GC00648H). day; a part does go to cement industry cej.2024.150896). synthesis of dry HCHO from
when it is totally free of unburnt coal anhydrous methanol
Chemically recyclable and bio- particles.] Electrochemical processes
degradable vulcanised rubber [This column has covered some papers on F. Schwarz et al have referred to the
This subject has been covered in a re- this subject which has acquired greater existing method of oxidative dehydro-
S.T. Schwab et al have referred to cent issue of Chem. Eng. Progress (Jan importance due to the availability of genation of CH OH to give aqueous
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the prevalent cross-linked vulcanised 2024) of A.I.Ch.E. Traditionally, light renewable energy and dispersal of chemi- HCHO solution, which requires energy
rubbers used in tires and many other weight aggregate is manufactured (in cal industries as electrons are clean.] for water removal. Electrochemical
184 Chemical Weekly July 9, 2024 Chemical Weekly July 9, 2024 185
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