Page 171 - CW E-Magazine (25-2-2025)

Special Report

Biphasic phase transfer control. Spin-coating method was adopted. Effect of catalyst and oxidant
catalysis of epoxidation of OP gave good results and had least concentrations in a TEMPO
vegetable oil (VOs) by surface permeability for water vapour. Further, oxidation system on the
active ionic liquids (SAILs) in the OP film demonstrated the lowest production of cellulose
water solubility in both water and ethanol. The nanofibers (CNF)
films exhibited antimicrobial efficacy
M. Hegelmann et al have worked on for both gram (+) and gram (-) bacteria. J. Park et al have referred to the high
the title subject as these epoxides are (ACS Omega, 2024; DOI: 10.1021/ cost of TEMPO as a significant barrier
secondary plasticisers for PVC and are acsomega.4C05924). in the industrialisation of making oxi-
also HCl scavengers (HCl can arise out Catalytic synthesis of dised CNF. Thus the reduction in the
of processing PVC). In the normal prac- renewable lubricant base oils catalyst usage will be beneficial. These
tice, reactions are slow and have limited authors have demonstrated the concen-
selectivity, besides problems associated (LBOs) with methyl oleate tration of TEMPO from 0.1 to 0.05 m.
with the separation of epoxides. These (MO) and aromatics mol per gm in a convention oxidation
authors have used surface-active imida- [Several attempts are being made to get system. The activation of hydroxyl-
zolium tungstate ionic liquids (SAILs) LBOs from renewable resources and amine TEMPO, which is generated after
as sustainable catalyst; H O is used some papers have been covered in this the oxidation reaction of cellulose, was
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for epoxidation; catalyst remains in the column.] enhanced by adjusting the dosage of the
aqueous phase and can be recycled in inexpensive oxidant, NaClO, leading
toto. (Reaction Chem. Eng., 2024; DOI: B. Zhou et al have used MO and bio- to a 20% improvement in carboxylate
10.1039/D4RE00215F). mass-derived aromatics through two content. High carboxylate content plays
distinct chemistries of alkylation and a crucial note in producing high-purity
Epimerisation of glucose (G) alkylation followed by hydrodeoxygen- CNF suspension, which are small,
to rare sugars using beta ation (HDO). AlCl was a good catalyst uniform, and free from microfibers.
3
and gave yield of 99% of the alkylation
zeolite-supported MoOx product. HDO was done with Ir-ReOx/ (RSC Advances, 2024; DOI: 10.1039/
catalysts SiO catalyst which gave alkane-based D4RA04948A).
2
LBOs with an impressive maximum
P. Zhu et al have used 5 wt% Mo/Beta yield of 96.3%. Diverse aromatic com- Mn-biochar catalyst for
giving 30% mannose yield at 120°C pounds have been considered. These sustainable glycolic acid (GA)
which is near equilibrium level. These LBOs gave superior properties com- production from biomass-
authors have also reported 24% yield pared to petroleum-derived Group III derived glucose (G) and
of allose and altrose from G at 140°C. base oils. (Green Chem., 2024; DOI: oligosaccharides
NMR study was done with C-G. Cata- 10/1039/D4GC03448A).
13
lyst can be regenerated and reused. . Q. Zhang et al have reported micro-
(Applied Catalysis A: General, 2024, Economic and enviromental wave-assisted aerobic oxidation system.
687, Nov, 119976; DOI:10.1016/j.ap- sustainability of bio-based Various Mn-biochar catalysts were
cata.2024.119976). HMF production and recovery synthesised using different precursors
from lignocellulosic biomass (MnCl and KMnO ) and synthesis temp.
Transforming agro-industrial of 400-850°C. GA yield from G could
2
4
waste into bioplastic coating Y. Jia et al have carried out a detailed reach 62.8 Cmol% over one catalyst.
films economic and environmental sustain- The mechanism involves retro-aldol and
ability analysis of integrated biorefi- oxidation reaction, while oxidation-
D. L. Castillo-Patino et al have explored nery design. Their analysis shows that hydrolysis of glycosidic bond could be
the transformation of banana peel (BP), a maximum price of feedstock can be achieved in one-pot conversion. The
potato peel (PP), and orange peel (OP) $115 per MT and HMF with a maxi- yields of GA reached 43.1, 29.2, and
into bioplastics suitable for thin coating mum price $4.54 per kg, which is about 33.3 C mol% when substates were cello-
films. Extracts of 100 gm/l of individual 75% lower than the commercial price biose, maltose and maltotriose, respec-
peels were made and combined with BP/ of HMF. Diverse coproducts have to be tively. (ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng.,
OP, BP/PP and BP/OP/PP formulations, considered. (Green Chem., 2024; DOI: 2024; DOI: 10.1021/acssuschemeng.
with yeast mold medium serving as the 10.1039/D4GC04270K). 4C06938).

Chemical Weekly February 25, 2025 171

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