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Special Report Special Report

prepared. Divalent ion retention with referred. Removal of CO continues to stance was L-phenylalaninol. Crystalli- FFA which are diffi cult to produce by
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water permeance of 28 liters-2h-1 attract attention. Injectable grade water zation-induced enantiomeric transfor- the conventional solution crystallisation.
band, high rejection of 95.1% MgCl was discussed. mation (CIET) is covered. Synthesis of γPZA obtained by the above method had
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and 97% of Na SO is reported. A novel R-praziquantel using CIET is covered. excellent tabletablility properties. [ACS
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strategy has been reported in this paper. Innovations in ceramic membranes were Density differences can be considered. Sustainable Chem. Eng., 2023; DOI:
[Angew. Chem. Intl. Ed.; DOI: 10.1002/ covered with respect to high mechanical [Chimica Oggi, Chemistry Today, 2023, 10.1021/acssuschemeng.2C07700].
anie.202304442]. connection features; advantages with 41, No.2, 2-6.].
respect to a high thermal shock, brittle Process development on
Appealing sheath-core spun fracture resistance, etc. were discussed. Membrane Separations the high-yielding Reactive
high-performance composite Applications in the fi eld of wine, beer and Extraction (RE) of Xylose (X)
carbon molecular sieve mem- coconut water clarifi cation were covered. Grand challenge in membrane with boronic acid (BA)
branes (CMSM) applications for liquids P.J. Vander Wal et al have worked on
Polymeric membranes continues to
Y. Cao et al have reported that CMSM draw attention. Attempts are reported Y. Hu has given a comprehensive the title method as an industrial process
and that it works with a real feedstock.
can save energy in separation of gases. for operation in the pH range of 2-12 account of this subject due to small
A new term “Pseudo wheel + Hub & and with respect to NF MWCO of 100; footprint, energy savings, scalability, Ultra-high-pressure RO are emerging favourable. However, these authors have Pure X and acid hydrolysate of bagasse
spoke” asymmetric form is reported. applications with temp. up to 85°C are and simplicity. There are four main for operation at about 100 bar, but these adopted a simple and effective grinding were used as the feed. In a single pass 85
High feed pressures can be handled with considered. [Chem. Ing. Technik; DOI: pressure-driven membrane processes: are in infancy. [Frontiers Membrane. method for α to γ. In an aqueous solution, mol% of X could be extracted at 90°C.
high fl ux in CO removal from natural 10.1002/cite.202200236]. microfi ltration (MF), ultrafi ltration (UF), Sci. Technol., 2023, 16 March; DOI: α-G and γ-G have bulk solubilities of 180
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gas. An optimised conditions are repor- nanofi ltration (NF), and reverse osmosis 10.3389/frmst.2023.1177528]. and 172 gm per litre, respectively. When
ted. A 50:50 CO /CH gave selectivity Mass transport of diazomethane (RO). Non-pressure-driven membrane CH /N adsorptive separation α-G crystal size was reduced to 0.6 µm
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of 64.3 and CO permeance of 232 GPU (DAM) across Tefl on AF2400 processes are: pervaporation (PU), dialy- 4 2 by grinding the saturation concentration
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at 35°C. [Angew. Chem. Intl. Ed.; DOI: membrane for scale-up deve- sis, electro-membrane processes includ- [This separation continues to attract a increased to 180 to 191 gm per litre.
10.1002/anie.202303915]. lopment ing electro-dialysis, electro-deionization lot of attention both for lean natural gas, Nucleation to γ-G occurs when α-G critical
biogas, etc. and this column has covered point is reacted. Further transformation
(EDI) and reverse electrodialysis (RED).
some papers on this subject.] occurred without additives. The grinding Naphthalene BA-Dowtherm A system
Membranes and membrane F. Horvath-Gerber et al have referred to Challenges in aqueous systems: Mem-
processes DAM as an attractive C1 building block, brane fouling, precise molecule/ion Z. Qian et al have worked on a ZSM-5 method was also effective in the cooling was adopted. In a counter-current column,
but it is hazardous and presents scale-up separation; emerging application in zero zeolite packed multi-column vapour swing crystallisation. [ACS Omega, 2023; DOI: with 3 trays, 90% of the sugars could be
K. Gotze et al have covered this subject challenges. The use of a Tefl on AF2400 liquid discharge. adsorption (VPSA) process with the 10.1021/acsomega.3C01435]. recovered, with a solvent-to-feed ratio of
discussed in ACHEMA 2022; some membrane in a tube-in-tube reactor set simulated moving bed (SMB) operation Highly effi cient-production of 1:1. [Ind. Eng. Chem. Res., 2023; DOI:
new developments were identifi ed with up is deployed for DAM. The key value Challenges in organic liquid separations: mode to get high-purity CH . Based on desired solid forms of drugs with 10.1021/acs.iecr.3C00364].
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respect to process design as well as of mass transfer coeffi cient and perme- Solute-solvent separation, solvent-sol- process design, fi ve-column, six-column, improved mechanical properties Continuous anti-solvent crystal-
ceramic and polymeric systems. A new ability were studied. The permeability vent separations, organic liquid mixture and seven column VPSA experimental via an organic solvent free sub- lisation of glycine (G) beta from
system for increasing turbulence (via value was 414 Barrer. This production separation (PV). apparatus were set-up and operated with limation process crystalline particles by Taylor
vibration) on the membrane surface scale can be planned. [OPRD, 2023; the SMB mode with a fully automatic Vortex crystalliser
to avoid fouling was reported. Robust DOI: 10.1023/acs.oprd.3C00023]. It is still very diffi cult to completely control platform. 99% pure CH was X. Su et al have referred to the chemical
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recrystallized silicon carbide membranes avoid membrane fouling and some obtained continuously from 30-60% CH wastage of organic solvents to the tune R. Harada et al have emphasised the
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are multi-layer disc systems was cove- Contemporary chiral resolu- fundamental studies are required. Deve- feed gas with an above 90% recovery of of 20-mtpa, which also causes environ- importance of the desired polymorph.
red. PVDF membranes are attracting tions lopment of advanced pre-treatment has CH . Ambient temperature and pressure mental problems besides fi nancial loss. In particular, manufacturing of unstable
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attention due to further developments. attracted attention. of 250-KPa were adopted. [Ind. Eng. These authors have adopted subli- or metastable polymorph crystalline
Organic solvent tolerant membranes M.S. Leeman has discussed this subject Chem. Res., 2023; DOI: 10.1021/acs. mation crystallization, for highly effi cient products are crucial pharmaceutical
were discussed; skid mounted units were of resolving racemates to the desired Separation of divalent ions from mono- iecr.3C00187]. screening and preparation of pharma solid ingredients due to its high bioavaiblility.
optically active molecules. In situ valent ions (and vice-versa) is gaining forms (i.e., polymorphs). This requires In the case of G, the beta-form is the most
racemization of the undesired isomer can a lot of importance; even in the case of Grinding method for phase adjusting the parameters of sublimation unstable. These authors have developed
lead to 100% yield, instead of 50%. The Li, Ag, Au, Ni, etc. transformation of Glycine (G) and have realized multiple polymorphs a continuous fl ow crystalliser that can
author has discussed the contemporary of several important drugs, including generate strong micro-mixing effect in
resolution methods. Examples are given; Well-defi ned nano-channel membranes J. Kang et al have worked on G, which the anti-TB drug pyrazinamide (PZA) reaction zone by utilizing Taylor Vortex.
e.g., a COX-2 inhibitor for the treatment made from various 2D nanosheets (e.g., has three polymorphs, two metastable and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory Aq. solution of G and ethanol were used
of joint-pain and infl ammation where graphene oxide, transition metal dichal- phases (α-G, β-G) and one stable phase drugs (NSAIDs), fl ufenamic acid (FFA) and 65% ethanol gave the beta form. [J.
in situ racemization of the unwanted cogenides, Mxenes) and MOF and COF (γ-G). The phase change from α-phase and mefenamic acid, particularly γ form Chem. Eng. Japan, 2022, 55, Issue 12,
isomer is covered. The resolving sub- based systems are attracting attention. to γ-phase is known to be kinetically un- of PZA and polymorphs IV and VII of 365-369; DOI:10.1251/jcej.21we104].

176 Chemical Weekly October 24, 2023 Chemical Weekly October 24, 2023 177

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