Page 170 - CW E-Magazine (13-2-2024)

Special Report

efficient water harvesting of 0.85 kg Efficient recovery of Indium Solubility enhancement of hydro-
per sq.m. per hour. This design has good (In) from waste In tin oxide phobic compounds in aqueous
stability, flexibility and thermal conduc- (ITO) targets by pressure leach- solutions using bio-based sol-
tivity. (ACS Sustainable. Chem. Eng.; ing with sulphuric acid vents as hydrotropes
DOI: 10.1021/acssuschemeng.3c00760).
In is in limited supply and hence its S.S. Silvia et al have worked on hydro-
Advances and perspectives of recovery has an important role. Q. Pu tropes based on renewable raw mate-
H production from NH decom- et al have used dilute H SO to leach rials like gamma valerolactone (GVL),
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position in membrane reactors and recover In under pressure. 96.5% cyrene, ethyl lactate, and alkanediols like
[This column has covered some papers 1,2-pentanediol, 1,5-pentanediol, and
on NH as H carrier and the established 1,6-hexanediol. Two model compounds
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transportation and storage facilities.] namely, syringic acid and ferulic acid,
were studied at 30°C. It appears that
V. Cechetto et al have stressed that in GVL is an excellent hydrotrope. (Ind.
NH decomposition N is the only other Eng. Chem. Res., 2023; DOI: 10.1021/
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product when producing H . These au- acs.iecr.3C01469).
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thors have reviewed membrane reactors
for NH decomposition, particularly Process intensification of
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absorption of NOx in nitric acid
plants: use of ozone
recovery is reported with 2M H SO A.B. Kshirsagar et al (Prof. J.B. Joshi,
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at 135°C. The kinetics of leaching was who has made many valuable contri-
studied. (Reaction Chem. Eng., 2023; butions in this area, and co-workers)
DOI: 10.1039/D3RE00174A). have come out with a potentially useful
Purification of chlorine-con- strategy of injecting O in nitric acid
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describing the different reactor con- taining Cu smelting water using absorption tower to boost the conversion
figurations and operating conditions, extraction-stripping-salting out of NO to NO /N O as the rate falls when
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membrane properties, catalysts and method the concentration of NO goes below
purification step to get pure H for fuel 5000 ppm. This is essential to avoid
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cell applications. (Energy Fuels, 2023; Y. He et al have used trialkylamine NO emission. The reaction of NO and
DOI: 10.1021/acs.energyfuels.3C00760). (N235) for extraction and crystallisation. O is instantaneous to give NO , which
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The Cl concentration could be reduced further reacts to give N O , which has
-
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Lithium carbonate (Li CO ) from 5080-mg per litre to 150.6 in three- the highest solubility in water among
2 3 nitrogen oxides. These authors have
Li as LiOH or Li CO is in great demand stage counter-current extraction. Three carried out techno-economic analysis of
cross-current stripping stages were
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because of batteries and even lean ores adopted. The organic phase could be this strategy; the size of absorption tower
are being valorised. S. Jenkins has cove- recycled. (Reaction Chem. Eng., 2023; comes down (made of stainless steel
red a pilot facility for Li CO , which DOI: 10.1039/D3RE00178D). 316) and emission is controlled. (Ind.
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can also be used via electrolysis to give Eng. Chem. Res., 2023; DOI: 10.1021/
Li metal, which finds application in the acs.iecr.3C00855).
next generation batteries. Li anode has
many advantages over graphite, which Intensification design of green
can also save weight in cars. In the con- crystallisation separation (melt
ventional process, LiCl is electrolysed, crystallisation)
which then generates chlorine gas.
A flow cell was used for electrolysis of S. Jia et al have reported process optimis-
Li CO . There are plans to make 500 to ation and technology coupling in the layer
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2000 tpa. A special membrane has been most crystallization (LMC) to improve
prepared for the cell. (Chem. Eng., 2023, the separation efficiency. Parameters of
July issue). distribution coefficient, interfacial solute
170 Chemical Weekly February 13, 2024
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