Page 184 - CW E-Magazine (11-6-2024)

Special Report

Solvent-triggered directional
lignin (L) valorisation towards
monomeric acetals or L polyols

X. Sun et al have reported that solvents
with integrated functions allow direc-
tional L valorisation producing value-
added chemicals or L polyols. These
authors used a biphasic Deep Eutectic
Solvent (DES)/CH Cl system. DES
2
2
was based on ethylene glycol. Solvent
can be recycled. (Green Chem., 2024;
DOI: 10.1039/D3GC05133A). ecotoxicity from the emission of toxic lities. (ChemSusChem., 2023; DOI:
substances, eutrophication, and partial 10.1002/CSSC.202301165).
Fractionation of glycans emissions, do not currently favour L
(G) from hot-water extracts epoxy resin. Further development may Lactulose (L) utilisation to
with ceramic ultrafiltration make it more attractive. (ACS Sustain- furan carboxylates
membranes (UFM) able Chem. Eng., 2024; DOI: 10.1021/
acssuschemeng.3C08022). J. Install et al have reported the title
M. Wolf and S. Hanstein have referred reaction fi rstly with an enhanced HNO
3
to extraction of hemicelluloses from Hydrogenation of furfural (F) oxidation of L with Fe(NO ) to get
3 3
biomass with pressurised hot water to tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol 75% yield of muic acid, which was then
which involves the mechanism of auto- (TFA) dehydrated to produce dibutyl-2,5-
furandicarboxylate and butyl-2-furan-
catalysis for molecular weight (MW) carboxylate in 66.6% and 33.1% yield,
reduction. In a pilot-scale extraction P.A. Kamble et al have used Ni sup- respectively, using phosphotungstic
of depectanised apple pomace, MW ported on organoclay as a catalyst for acid catalyst in 1-butanol as a reaction
was 30 KDa with a broad mass dis- the title reaction, using water as the best solvent. (Green Chem., 2024; DOI:
tribution, which also had monomers solvent. Temperature and pressure were 10.1039/D3GC04317G).
and their degradation products. UFM varied. The possibility of rearrangement
with sequential use of ceramic mem- to form cyclopentanone was discussed. Citrus waste upcycling towards
branes with decreasing cut-off yielded Ni/O-Clay 30A, at 120°C and 4.0 MPa pectin moisturiser fi lms plasti-
a suitable fraction with MW of 9 KDa, gave complete conversion of F to TFA.
which accounted for 10% of the ex- (Applied Catalysis A: General, 2024, cised with glycerol (GLY) and
tracted hemicelluloses. The effi ciency 64, 25 March, 119621; DOI:10.1016/j. PEG
of fractionation was analysed. (Chemie apcata2024.119621). T. Chuenkaek and T. Kobayashi have
Ing. Technik, 2024; DOI: 10.1002/ worked on the citrus waste from Japa-
cite.202300192). Polymers from cellulose waste: nese Hanika’s peel where pectin was
Direct polymerisation of levo- extracted with aqueous acetic acid and
Assessing the environmental glucosenon (LGO) using DBU dissolved at a concentration of 3% w/v
sustainability of lignin (L)- as a catalyst in distilled water. GLY and PEG were
based epoxy resins for coating added in various weight ratios of 10:0,
production B. Pollard et al have reported that 7:3, 5:5, 3:7 and 0:10, respectively.
cellulose derived LGO with 8 mole% The mixture was dried at 50°C to form
M. Juhl et al have carried out the title DBU (1,8-Diazabicyclo[5.4.0]undec-7- pectin fi lms. Plasticiser infl uences the
study and LCA is employed to compare ene), carries out polymerisation to give fi lms transparency – pectin fi lms at a
its environmental sustainability with the poly-cyrene that itself gets converted GLY:PEG ratio of 3:7 gave optimal
standard fossil-based epoxy resin. This into the water-soluble poly-2H-HBO properties. This product has potential to
L based product does show promise as on reaction with aq. H O . Molecular enhance moisture in skincare products.
2
2
a greener alternative. However, impact weight as high as 236,000 gm mole is (ACS Sustainable Resource Mgm, 2024;
categories such as human toxicity and reported and has excellent thermal stabi- DOI: 10.1021/acssusresmgt:3C00023).

184 Chemical Weekly June 11, 2024

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